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NATO Summit 2025 & Global Geopolitics: 5% Defense Spending, Ukraine’s Future & A Changing World Order

The 2025 NATO Summit held in The Hague marked a major shift in global security strategy. With rising tensions in Europe, the Middle East, and the Indo-Pacific, NATO leaders agreed to spend 5% of their GDP on defense a historic pledge reflecting the growing threat landscape. In this blog, we unpack the key themes from the summit: NATO’s mission, its response to the Russia Ukraine War, its position on Iran and China, and the ripple effects in South Asia and beyond. What is NATO? The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) is a military and political alliance formed in 1949 to defend member states against external threats. With 32 member countries as of 2025including new members Finland (2023) and Sweden (2024)—NATO is the cornerstone of Western collective security. History, Purpose, and Member Countries Founded: April 4, 1949 Initial members: 12 (including the US, UK, France, Canada) Current members: 32 (full list here ) Purpose: ...
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The Global Trade Tug-of-War: Why the U.S. Is Taxing China and Europe

In recent months, the global trade landscape has become increasingly tense, as the United States imposes significant tariffs on China and Europe . These measures, aimed at addressing perceived trade imbalances and unfair practices, have sparked retaliatory actions , particularly from China, and raised concerns across the European Union . But what's fueling this economic standoff, and how can it be resolved? 👉 Also read: Iran-Israel War: Causes and the “Greater Israel” Theory America's Motivations Behind Tariffs on China and Europe The U.S. trade policy shift primarily stems from: 1. Trade Imbalance with China The U.S.-China trade deficit has long frustrated American policymakers. The U.S. accuses China of market access restrictions , currency manipulation , and state-sponsored industrial policies that hinder American exports. By imposing tariffs, the U.S. hopes to pressure China into leveling the playing field. 2. Intellectual Property Theft & Techn...
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Iran–Israel War: Causes, the “Greater Israel” Plan, Global Impact & International Response

  1. 📌 Causes of the Iran–Israel War • Ideological and Historical Conflict Since Iran’s 1979 Islamic Revolution , the Islamic Republic has refused to recognize Israel, often calling for its complete elimination. This decades-long enmity has shaped much of the hostile rhetoric between the two nations. • Geopolitical Rivalry and Proxy Wars Iran actively supports anti-Israel proxies such as Hezbollah in Lebanon , Hamas in Gaza , and Houthis in Yemen . Israel has responded with targeted airstrikes, intensifying the regional war dynamic. • Nuclear Tensions and Preemptive Strikes Israel perceives Iran's nuclear program as an existential threat. In June 2025 , Israel reportedly carried out direct strikes on Iran’s nuclear facilities and assassinated key nuclear scientists, escalating the crisis further. ➡️ Read: Israel strikes Iran’s nuclear facilities – AP News 2. What Is the “Greater Israel” Plan? How Much Has Been Implemented? • Concept of Greater Israel Th...
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Global Climate Change: Current Challenges, Proposed International Law, and Individual Responsibility

Today, the world is facing a grave environmental crisis — climate change. This issue is no longer confined to environmentalists and scientists; it has evolved into a global emergency affecting our economy, public health, international politics, and even our long-term survival. With rising global temperatures , unpredictable weather patterns , melting glaciers , and increasing water scarcity , the impacts of climate change are being felt in every corner of the planet. Current Major Climate Issues Climate change presents a range of interconnected challenges that threaten life on Earth as we know it. Some of the most pressing include: 1. Rising Global Temperatures Since the Industrial Revolution , Earth’s average temperature has increased by approximately 1.1°C  a stark indicator of global warming . This warming trend is accelerating, leading to widespread consequences. 2. Extreme Weather Events Frequent droughts , floods , heatwaves , and snowstorms now occur ac...
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